MA145-B Final Exam Skill Inventory

Chapter 1 - Collecting Data

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
statistics	p.2
descriptive statistics	p.2
inferential statistics	p.2
placebo	p.3
experimental group	p.3
control group	p.3
double-blind	p.3
qualitative variable	p.4
quantitative variable	p.4
discrete variable	p.5
continuous variable	p.5
census	p.9
observational study	p.10
designed experiment	p.10, p.31
experimental unit	p.10
response variable	p.10
lurking variable	p.11
simple random sample	p.12
frame	p.13
stratified sample	p.19
systematic sample	p.20
cluster sample	p.21
convenience sample	p.22
nonsampling errors	p.26
sampling errors	p.26
completely randomized design	p.34
matched pairs design	p.34

In addition, you should be able to:

Given a description, determine whether a variable is qualitative or quantitative
Given a description, determine whether an experimental design is a completely randomized design or a matched pairs design
Given a description, determine whether a sample is a simple random, stratified, systematic, cluster, or convenience sample.
Given a description, identify the response variable and predictor variables in an experiment.

Chapter 2 - Organizing and Summarizing Data

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
frequency distribution	p.40
relative frequency	p.41
relative frequency distribution	p.41
bar graph	p.43
pareto chart	p.44
side-by-side bar graph	p.45
pie chart	p.46
histogram	p.56
stem-and-leaf plot	p.60
uniform distribution	p.63
bell-shaped distribution	p.63
skewed right	p.63
skewed left	p.63
time series plot	p.64

In addition, you should be able to:

Distinguish between a frequency table and a relative frequency table
Distinguish between a frequency bar graph, a relative frequency bar graph, and a pie chart
Draw a simple stem-and-leaf plot from data.
Be able to distinguish a histogram from a bar graph.
Given a histogram, categorize a distribution as bell-shaped, skewed left, or skewed right.

Chapter 3 - Numerically Summarizing Data

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
parameter	p.84
statistic	p.84
population (arithmetic) mean	p.85
sample (arithmetic) mean	p.85
median	p.87
mode	p.89
measure of central tendency	p.84
measure of dispersion	p.100
the range	p.101
population variance	p.102
sample variance	p.102
population standard deviation	p.105
sample standard deviation	p.105
the empirical rule	p.107
measure of position	p.122
population Z-score	p.122
sample Z-score	p.122
percentile	p.123
quartiles	p.125
interquartile range	p.127
outlier	p.127
lower fence	p.133
upper fence	p.133
exploratory data analysis	p.132
five number summary	p.132
box plot	p.133

In addition, you should be able to:

Distinguish between a frequency table and a relative frequency table
Distinguish between a frequency bar graph, a relative frequency bar graph, and a pie chart
Draw a simple stem-and-leaf plot from data.
Be able to distinguish a histogram from a bar graph.
Given a histogram, categorize a distribution as bell-shaped, skewed left, or skewed right.
Determine percentiles, including quartiles and the median, from the output of a spreadsheet Rank and Percentile listing (you do not need to memorize the formulas for percentiles given in the text).
Given a small (<10 values) group of data values or a frequency bar graph, determine the mode.
Determine the interquartile range given either the values of the first and third quartiles, or use the output of a Rank and Percentile listing from a spreadsheet that contains the information needed to determine the first and third quartiles.
Recall which measures of central tendency and dispersion are considered resistant to extreme values and which are not.
Calculate a Z-score given a data value, the mean, and the standard deviation (you can assume the arithmetic will not require a calculator).
Determine the Five Number Summary given a set of descriptive statistics containing the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum values in the data, or from a Rank and Percentile listing from a spreadsheet that contains these values.
Determine the upper and lower fence values given enough information to determine the first and third quartiles (the computations will not require a calculator).
Be able to draw a box plot given the required information.
Determine whether a distribution is symmetric, skewed left, or skewed right using a box plot.

In general, you do not have to memorize formulas (for the mean, variance, standard deviation, percentile, etc.). You should be able to determine percentiles, including the median and quartiles, from the Rank and Percentile output of a spreadsheet program. You should be able to determine the maximum and minimum values from the Rank and Percentile output as well.

Chapter 6 - The Binomial Distribution

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
binomial experiment	p.254
mean of the binomial distribution	p.259
standard deviation of the binomial distribution	p.259
sample (arithmetic) mean	p.85

In addition, you should be able to:

Recognize the criteria for a binomial probability experiment (p.254)
Be able to explain in general terms what a binomial probability experiment is.

Chapter 7 - The Normal Distribution

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
normal distribution	p.274
standard normal distribution	p.284

In addition, you should:

Be familiar with the empirical rule (item 7 on p.284)
Understand the meaning of the Law of Large Numbers (p.318)
Be able to state the meaning of the central limit theorem (p.321)
Be able to explain when to use the normal approximation to the binomial distribution (p. 327)

Chapter 8 - Confidence Intervals About a Population Mean

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
confidence interval estimate	p.340
Student's t-distribution	p.357

In addition, you should:

Be able to explain when to use the z distribution to construct a confidence interval (p.344)
Be able to explain when to use the t-distribution to construct a confidence interval (p.360)
Be able to explain when to use the confidence interval for a population proportion (p.371)
Be able to justify your choice one of the above three methods given a specific problem.

Chapter 9 - Hypothesis Testing

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
hypothesis	p.384
hypothesis testing	p.385
null hypothesis	p.385
alternative hypothesis	p.385
two-tailed test	p.385
left-tailed test	p.385
right-tailed test	p.385
type I error	p.387
type II error	p.387
level of significance	p.385

In addition, you should:

Be able to explain when to use the z-statistic to test a hypothesis (p.395)
Be abel to explain when to use the t-statistic to test a hypothesis (p.410)
Be able to explain when to use the test for a hypothesis on a population proportion (p.421)
Be able to justify your choice of one of the above methods for a specific problem.

Chapter 10 - Inference About Two Means

You should be able to recognize the definitions of the following terms:

Term	Reference in Text (Sullivan)
independent sample	p.436
dependent sample	p.436
matched-pairs	p.436
Welch's approximate t	p.449

In addition, you should:

Know when to use the matched-pairs t-statistic to test the equality of two means (p.437)
Be able to explain when to use the z-statistic to test the equality of two means (p.449)
Be able to explain when to use the t-statistic to test the equality of two means (p.450)
Be able to explain when to use the z-statistic to test the equality of two proportions (p.460)
Be able to justify your choice of one of the above methods for a specific problem.